Friday, March 27, 2020

10+ Easy Essay Writing Tips and Strategies for Beginners

Writing is not for everyone! This used to be my explanation throughout high school for getting a lower grade on my essays. I believed that people were good at writing because words came easier to them. Later, I figured out that by following a few essay writing tips and techniques, anyone can become a good writer. You can do it too. Quick Links 1. Writing Tips for Essays 1.1 Read 1.2 Use Creativity 1.3 Grammar 1.4 Vocabulary 1.5 Correct Spellings 1.6 American Vs. British English 1.7 Avoid Using Long Sentences 1.8 Avoid Irrelevant Information 1.9 Follow the Instructions 1.10 Don’t Use Spinners 1.11 Plagiarism 1.12 Give a Final Review to Your Essay Essay writing has long been an essential part of a student's high school and college life. And due to the lack of creative writing skills and ignoring minor details, students have a tough time writing essays. An academic essay has an introductory paragraph, a thesis statement, body paragraphs and a concluding paragraph. Most of the students do not know what to add in each section, especially the body and conclusion. Lucky for you, writing can be easily learned. Before you start writing, give this blog a read to find out the best essaywriting tips and tricks and become a better writer. 1. Writing Tips for Essays We all are aware of the fact that major portion of the final grade is made up of writing. If you are good at writing or enjoy writing essays, then you have nothing to worry about. But if the sole thought of academic writing or writing an essay makes you frustrated, then we have a bit of a problem. Take a look at our writing tips for essays to make essay writing easy and fun. 1.1 Read Reading is considered as a prerequisite for writing because to write, you must have adequate knowledge. Different types of essays require different writing style and skills. To understand them, reading is a must and something that would help you in developing good writing skills. It exposes you to different writing styles, voices, forms and genres of writing. Being an ardent reader, you can present your argument in a better way. 1.2 Creativity Every person thinks differently. If you choose a topic, every person will have a different perspective on that specific topic. Use your own point of view instead of following someone's perspective. If you are following your own ideas in writing, that will help you in creating impressive and engaging content. 1.3 Grammar Probably one of the most significant writing tips is using correct grammar. Revise the grammatical rules to improve your grammar and to avoid using the wrong tense, form of verbs, punctuation, sentence structure and other grammatical terms. We know that MS Word is smart but still, avoid relying on the spell and grammar checkand do your homework. 1.4 Vocabulary A writers vocabulary is beneficial as it helps them say what they really mean. And with the right words, you can communicate your thoughts, ideas and meaning in an effective way and according to your audience. You must select the correct vocabulary that is as per your academic level. A high school student using unusual words and phrases may give an impression of plagiarism. Make reading a thesaurus and dictionary a habit to increase your vocabulary. 1.5 Correct Spellings Using correct spelling is an essential component of writing. There are lots of different words and knowing all the spellings is hard. The solution? Find new words and memorize their spellings. An essay with a lot of spelling mistakes loses it essence. Use spell-checkers to avoid spelling mistakes but don't rely on them completely. Be diligent and use a dictionary. 1.6 American Vs. British English Students often get confused between the American and the British accent. This is how some of the words differ in the UK and USA accent, respectively: Apologise vs. Apologize Accessorise vs. Accessorize Behaviour vs. Behavior Brutalise vs. Brutalize Colour vs. Color Fibre vs. Fiber Favourite vs. Favorite It is important to follow the same spellings throughout your essay. Pick an accent and stick to it. 1.7 Avoid Using Long Sentences The key to keeping your reader engaged is to use short and simple sentences. There is a higher chance of grammatical mistakes when you write longer sentences. A good idea is to use short sentences and relevant information. 1.8 Avoid Irrelevant Information Don't bombard the reader with excess and useless information. Keep your topic in mind and write whatever is relevant to your main topic. Start each sentence with a topic sentence and move forward. Support your thesis with solid evidence. Remember, quality over quantity. Don't try to go off-topic and add irrelevant information to reach your word limit. There are simple and easy ways to can use to make an essay longer without adding irrelevant details. 1.9 Follow the Instructions Always read the question carefully. Notice the words that are used in the question. Words like identify, contrast, explain, compare will guide you in writing the answer. If you are writing an essay, the question will tell you what type of essay you have to write. If you have to attempt a persuasive essay, then you should write your essay and answer in a way that you can convince the reader. The same technique applies to all the other types of essays, descriptive, cause and effect, compare and contrast essay and narrative essay, also. Know their specific structure and stick to it. If you find it difficult to write an effective essay, then you can also use the help of professional essay writers for hire. You can ask them to write my essay, and they will deliver high quality papers for you. 1.10 Don't Use Spinners Some students use websites to change the words of an existing paragraph. This practice, however, help you reach the word count but is considered illegal in the writing world. Don't think that you can deceive your teachers using spinners and changing the words of different paragraphs. 1.11 Plagiarism Plagiarism means to use someone else's work and passing it off as your own. And for a student, plagiarising an essay means getting an 'F' grade, and a possible warning. There are several different tools and websites that allow students and professionals to do a free plagiarism check. Essays include a lot of information. To be sure that nothing is plagiarized, check it before submitting. The trick to avoid plagiarism is to read a text and change it by writing it in your own words. 1.12 Give a Final Review to Your Essay Do not forget to proofread your content. Make sure you have followed all the instructions given by your instructor in the question. We make several mistakes and proofreading gives us a chance to get rid of all the errors. Check the plagiarism in the content. Remember, a good writer never copies content from anyone. Write your own content that describes your perspective on that specific topic. Follow the basic structure of the essay and add relevant data. Hiring a Professional Writer 5StarEssays is a professional essay writing service available online, where you can hire professional essay writers for help. Just fill out the order form and enjoy high quality academic papers.

Friday, March 6, 2020

Biography of Thomas Newcomen, Steam Engine Inventor

Biography of Thomas Newcomen, Steam Engine Inventor Thomas Newcomen (February 28, 1663–August 5, 1729) was a blacksmith from Dartmouth, England who assembled the prototype for the first modern steam engine. His machine, built in 1712, was known as the Atmospheric Steam Engine. Fast Facts: Thomas Newcomen Known For: Inventor of the atmospheric steam engineBorn: February 28, 1663 in Dartmouth, EnglandParents: Elias Newcomen and his first wife SarahDied: August 5, 1729 in London, EnglandEducation: Trained as an ironmonger (blacksmith) in ExeterSpouse: Hannah Waymouth (m. July 13, 1705)Children: Thomas (d. 1767), Elias (d. 1765), Hannah Before Thomas Newcomens time, steam engine technology was in its infancy. Inventors such as Edward Somerset of Worcester, Newcomens neighbor Thomas Savery, and French philosopher John Desaguliers were all researching the technology before Thomas Newcomen began his experiments. Their research inspired inventors such as Newcomen and James Watt to invent practical and useful steam-powered machines. Early Life Thomas Newcomen was born on February 28, 1663, one of six children of Elias Newcomen (d. 1702) and his wife Sarah (d. 1666). The family was solidly middle-class: Elias was a freeholder, shipowner, and merchant. After Sarah died, Elias remarried Alice Trenhale on January 6, 1668, and it was Alice that raised Thomas, his two brothers, and three sisters. Thomas likely served as an apprentice at an ironmonger in Exeter: although there is no record of it, he began to trade as a blacksmith in Dartmouth about 1685. Documentary evidence has him purchasing quantities of iron up to 10 tons from various mills between 1694 and 1700, and he mended the Dartmouth Town Clock in 1704. Newcomen had a retail store at the time, selling tools, hinges, nails, and chains. On July 13, 1705, Newcomen married Hannah Waymouth, the daughter of Peter Waymouth of Marlborough. They eventually had three children: Thomas, Elias, and Hannah. Partnership With John Calley Thomas Newcomen was assisted in his steam research by John Calley (c. 1663–1717), a man from Brixton, Devonshire. Both are listed on the patent for the Atmospheric Steam Engine. John Calley (sometimes spelled Cawley) was a glazier- some sources say he was a plumber- who served out an apprenticeship in Newcomens workshops and continued working with him afterward. Together they likely began working on the steam engine in the late 17th century, and by 1707, Newcomen expanded his businesses, taking out or renewing new leases on a number of properties in Dartmouth. Neither Newcomen nor Calley was educated in mechanical engineering, and they corresponded with scientist Robert Hooke, asking him to advise them about their plans to build a steam engine with a steam cylinder containing a piston similar to that of Denis Papins. Hooke advised against their plan, but, fortunately, the obstinate and uneducated mechanics stuck to their plans: In 1698, Newcomen and Calley made an experimental, 7-inch-diameter brass cylinder, sealed with a leather flap around the edge of the piston.  The purpose of the first steam engines like the ones experimented with by Newcomen was to drain water out of coal mines. Thomas Savery Newcomen was considered an eccentric and a schemer by locals, but he did know about the steam engine invented by Thomas Savery (1650–1715). Newcomen visited Saverys home in Modbury, England, 15 miles from where Newcomen lived. Savery hired Newcomen, a skilled blacksmith, and ironmonger, to forge a working model of his engine. Newcomen was allowed to make a copy of the Savery machine for himself, which he set up in his own backyard, where he and Calley worked on improving the Savery design. Although the engine that Newcomen and Calley built was not a total success, they were able to obtain a patent in 1708. That was for an engine combining a steam cylinder and piston, surface condensation, a separate boiler, and separate pumps. Also named on the patent was Thomas Savery, who at that time held the exclusive rights to use surface condensation. The Atmospheric Steam Engine The atmospheric engine, as first designed, used a slow process of condensation by applying condensing water to the exterior of the cylinder, to produce the vacuum, which in turn caused the strokes of the engine to take place at very long intervals. More improvements were made, which immensely increased the rapidity of condensation. Thomas Newcomens first engine produced 6 or 8 strokes a minute, which he improved to 10 or 12 strokes. Newcomens engine passed steam through the cock and up into the cylinder, which equilibrated the pressure of the atmosphere, and allowed the heavy pump rod to fall, and, by the greater weight acting through the beam, to raise the piston to the proper position. The rod carried a counterbalance if needed. The cock then opened, and a jet of water from the reservoir entered the cylinder, producing a vacuum by the condensation of the steam. The pressure of the air above the piston then forced it down, again raising the pump rods, and thus the engine worked on indefinitely. The pipe is used for the purpose of keeping the upper side of the piston covered with water, to prevent air leaks- an invention of Thomas Newcomen. Two gauge-cocks and a safety valve were built in; the pressure used was hardly greater than that of the atmosphere, and the weight of the valve itself was ordinarily sufficient to keep the pipe down. The condensing water, together with the water of condensation, flowed off through the open pipe. Thomas Newcomen modified his steam engine so that it could power the pumps used in mining operations that removed water from mine shafts. He added an overhead beam, from which the piston was suspended at one end and the pump rod at the other. Death Thomas Newcomen died on August 5, 1729, in London at a friends house. His wife Hannah outlived him, she moved to Marlborough, and died in 1756. His son Thomas became a serge maker (cloth maker) in Taunton, and his son Elias became an ironmonger (but not an inventor) like his father. Legacy At first, Thomas Newcomens steam engine was seen as a rehash of earlier ideas. It was compared to a piston engine powered by gunpowder, designed (but never built) by Christian Huyghens, with a substitution of steam for the gasses generated by the explosion of gunpowder. Part of the issue why Newcomens work was not recognized might have been that, compared to the other inventors of the day, Newcomen was a middle-class blacksmith, and the more educated and elite inventors simply couldnt imagine that such a person would be able to invent something new. It was later recognized that Thomas Newcomen and John Calley had improved the method of condensation used in the Savery engine. French inventor and philosopher John Theophilus Desaguliers (1683–1744), wrote that Newcomens steam engine came into extensive use in all the mining districts, particularly in Cornwall, and was also applied to the drainage of wetlands, the supply of water to towns, and ship propulsion. The first steam-powered locomotive was invented in the first decade of the 19th century, based in part on Newcomens technology. Sources Allen, J.S. Newcomen, Thomas (1663–1729). A Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers in Great Britain and Ireland, Volume 1: 1500–1830. Eds. Skempton, A.W. et al. London: Thomas Telford Publishing and Institution of Civil Engineers, 2002. 476–78.Dickinson, Henry Winram. Newcomen and his Vacuum Engine. A Short History of the Steam Engine. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. 29–53.Karwatka, Dennis. Thomas Newcomen, Inventor of the Steam Engine. Tech Directions 60.7:9, 2001.  Prosser, R.B. Thomas Newcomen (1663–1729). Dictionary of National Biography Volume 40 Myllar- Nicholls. Ed. Lee, Sidney. London: Smith, Elder Co., 1894. 326–29.